The Reasons for abnormal noise during switching power transformer operation
Abnormal noise during the operation of switching power transformers can arise from various factors. Understanding these causes is essential for diagnosing issues and ensuring efficient transformer performance. Here are the primary reasons for such noises:
Common Causes of Abnormal Noise
1. Overload Conditions- When a transformer operates under overload, internal copper and iron losses increase, resulting in higher temperatures and reduced heat dissipation. This can lead to a dull humming sound caused by core saturation and increased magnetic flux density
- Localized discharges due to poor internal contacts can generate sharp, continuous sparking noises. This issue may arise from inadequate connections within the transformer
- Loose internal components, such as clamps or screws, can vibrate during operation, causing clanking or other miscellaneous sounds as they collide with surrounding structures
- Ground faults can damage winding insulation, leading to discharge noises, while short circuits may cause sudden load increases, resulting in explosive sounds from the transformer
- High grid voltage can lead to overexcitation of the transformer core, resulting in increased and sharp noise levels. Monitoring the low-voltage output with a multimeter can help diagnose this issue
- The resonance of fans, casings, and other components can generate noise that may be mistaken for transformer noise. This typically occurs if components are improperly installed or secured
- Poor contact or grounding in metal parts can lead to static or corona discharges accompanied by crackling sounds
- Significant load changes, such as during the startup of large electric motors, can cause buzzing or rumbling noises as the transformer adjusts to the new load conditions
- Improper installation can exacerbate vibrations and amplify noise levels. Ensuring a firm and flat foundation for the transformer is crucial
